Analysis Services, Integration Services and Reporting Services menu items in the Connect menu are disabled, what is the reason?

If you need to connect with Business Intelligence services via Management Studio, you use Connect menu in the Object Explorer. Generally this is what you see with it;

However, what if you see them disabled and cannot use them for connecting with services like SSAS, SSIS and SSRS? There can be few reasons but obvious reason would be Not Installing  required components with SQL Server installation. How do we know whether we have installed them or not?

For that, you need to read the Configuration.ini file in the log folder. Navigate through C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\120 (your instance version)\Setup Bootstrap\Log\ folder and open the log folder related to the installation. You should see Configutation.ini file in the folder.

If you open the file and look for FEATURES, you should see all installed client components. If you do not see AS, RS, and IS, it means you have not installed them during client components installation. 

If you need them, installation has to be run again for client components and make sure you select Management Tools - Basic and Management Tools - Complete.

SSAS: How to find User-Defined Member Properties of a dimension?

User-Defined Member Properties are attribute relationships added to specific named level in a dimension. Once defined, they can be access using either PROPERTIES key word or Properties function. Here is and example of accessing a user-defined properties.

-- from MSDN
SELECT 
   CROSSJOIN([Ship Date].[Calendar].[Calendar Year].Members, 
             [Measures].[Sales Amount]) ON COLUMNS,
   NON EMPTY Product.Product.MEMBERS
   DIMENSION PROPERTIES 
              Product.Product.[List Price],
              Product.Product.[Dealer Price]  ON ROWS
FROM [Adventure Works]
WHERE ([Date].[Month of Year].[January]) 

However, if you do not know all user-defined properties added and need to get a list, you can simply use Analysis Services Schema Rowsets for querying out information such as objects, state, sessions, connections, etc. There are many schema rowset under OLEDB for OLAP Schema Rowsets and the one we have to use is MDSCHEMA_PROPERTIES. Here is the query for getting all user-defined properties of a level in a dimension.

SELECT *
FROM $SYSTEM.MDSCHEMA_PROPERTIES
WHERE [DIMENSION_UNIQUE_NAME] = '[Dim Customer]'
 AND [HIERARCHY_UNIQUE_NAME] = '[Dim Customer].[Customer]'
 AND [LEVEL_UNIQUE_NAME] = '[Dim Customer].[Customer].[Customer]'
 AND [PROPERTY_TYPE] = 1;

Read more on Analysis Services Schema Rowsets: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms126233.aspx
Read more on OLE DB for OLAP Schema Rowsets: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms126079.aspx